The Army codebreaking group was the Signal Intelligence Service (SIS) at Arlington Hall. The Navy’s was called CSAW ( Communications Supplemental Activity Washington) also known as OPS-20-G. Army and Navy each had their own small code breaking groups. Other nations try to read those messages by attempting to break those codes.ĭuring the 1930s the U.S. They do that by encrypting (protecting the information by using a cipher/code) to scramble the messages. The story starts with a company you probably never heard of – Engineering Research Associates.įor thousands of years, every nation has tried to keep its diplomatic and military communications secret. Just as Silicon Valley’s roots can be traced to innovation in World War II so can Minneapolis/St. Paul area companies ERA, Control Data and Cray would dominate the world of scientific computing and be an innovation cluster for computing until the mid-1980s. And by 1966 they had been delivering computers for 16 years. Meanwhile the biggest and fastest scientific computer companies were in Minnesota. Silicon Valley wouldn’t have a computer company until 1966 when Hewlett Packard shipped the HP 2116 minicomputer. In the 1950’s and 1960’s, spurred on by Terman, Silicon Valley was selling microwave components and systems to the Defense Department, and the first fledging chip companies (Shockley, Fairchild, National, Rheem, Signetics…) were in their infancy. Silicon Valley emerged from work in World War II led by Stanford professor Fred Terman developing microwave and electronics for Electronic Warfare systems. Startups that Have Employees In Offices Grow 3½ Times Faster.Reorganizing the DoD to Deter China and Win in the Ukraine – A Road Map for Congress.Before there was Oppenheimer there was Vannevar Bush.Leaving Government for the Private Sector – Part 1.Leaving Government for the Private Sector – Part 2. Even the Smartest VCs Sometimes Get it Wrong – Bill Gurley and Regulated Markets.The Secret History of Minnesota Part 1: Engineering Research Associates.Technology Innovation and Modern War (20).Technology Innovation and Great Power Competition (16).NIH (National Institutes of Health) (17).Gordian Knot Center for National Security Innovation (7).Business Model versus Business Plan (64).
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